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Closed-loop control and PID

HE · 40 minutes · Tune a controller that holds a setpoint.

Visual learning map for Closed-loop control and PID: observe, try, then explain. Tune a controller that holds a setpoint.
Visual learning map for Closed-loop control and PID: observe, try, then explain. Tune a controller that holds a setpoint.

Answer by: Type. You can change method or take a break at any time.

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Our learning goal

Tune a controller that holds a setpoint.

Your turn: Choose one thing you would like to understand by the end.

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My lesson notes & project
Full teaching script
  1. Today: Closed-loop control and PID. Our goal: Tune a controller that holds a setpoint.
  2. Take one idea at a time. Pause after each sentence; ask for repetition whenever you need it.
  3. Open-loop control guesses; closed-loop measures. Error is setpoint minus measurement. Proportional acts on the error now (fast, but leaves steady-state droop). Integral accumulates past error to kill that droop (but can wind up). Derivative reacts to the rate of change and damps overshoot (but amplifies noise). Tune P until it oscillates gently, back it off, add I to remove offset, add a little D to steady it — and always clamp integral wind-up when the actuator saturates.
  4. Together: choose one example from the explanation and show how it works. What do you notice?
  5. Your turn: Simulate a heater with a PID loop and plot the response for three tunings.
  6. Reflect: what made sense, and what would you like explained differently?
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